1. Effects

2. Project Development

All classes, methods, and internal classes used in this program:

• public class UDPChat extends JFrame{};
• public class UDPChatFace extends JPanel implements ActionListener{}:
  • public void init(){};
  • private void sendMessage(byte[] data){};
  • private void send(){};
  • private class Receive extends Thread{};
  • public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {};

2.1. Project Description

Write a simple chat room with GUI interface based on UDP protocol
Develop software: IDEA

2.2. Project ideas

UDP protocol is used to transmit and receive information. Because chat rooms belong to instant messaging, they must receive and send at the same time. Therefore, multi-threading can be considered to accomplish this purpose.

2.3. Project involves knowledge points

• GUI interface knowledge
• UDP Protocol
• Multithreaded

2.4, UDP communication protocol

• Advantages: fast transmission, high security
  Reason: Unlike TCP's three-time handshake protocol, UDP is a stateless transport protocol, so data transfer is very fast; because there are no TCP's confirmation mechanism, three-time handshake mechanism and other mechanisms, it is relatively safe, but not absolutely secure.
• Disadvantages: unreliable, responsible for sending only, not responsible for "sending" to
• Suitable for high speed and low quality data transmission, such as video, communication, games, etc.

2.5, GUI interface design

Components used: JPanel, JScrollPane, JLabel, JTextField, JTextArea, JButton

public class UDPChatFace extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

    //Create variable
    JPanel panel_1;
    JPanel panel_2;
    JPanel panel_3;
    JScrollPane panel_2_1;//Scroll panel to display chat records
    JPanel panel_2_2;

    JLabel label1;//Monitor
    JLabel label2;//ip
    JLabel label3;//port

    JTextField textField_ip;//ip input
    JTextField textField_port;//Port Number Input

    JTextArea textArea_history;//Chat Log Text Field
    JTextArea textArea_message;//Input Text Information Text Field

    JButton button_concern;
    JButton button_send;
    JButton button_clear;

    //port settings
    //Generally set above 8000, most of the port numbers below 8000 are occupied
    private int localPort = 10001;//Local Port
    private int otherPort = 10002;//Opposite port

    private String ip;

    String message;//Input Box Information
    private DatagramSocket socket;


    public UDPChatFace(){
        init();
    }

    public void init(){
        //add component
        panel_1 = new JPanel();
        panel_2 = new JPanel();
        panel_3 = new JPanel();

        textArea_history = new JTextArea(40,68);//Set the size of the chat log box
        textArea_history.setEditable(false);//Set chat log box not to be entered
        textArea_message = new JTextArea(13,70);
        textArea_message.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {  //Keyboard listens for events and functions of pressing return message after text box input
                if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER){
                    if (textArea_message.getText().equals("")){
                        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(panel_1,"No blank messages can be sent!"); //Popup
                        return;
                    }else {
                        send(); //send message
                    }
                }
            }
        });

        panel_2_1 = new JScrollPane(textArea_history); //Add the Chat Log input box to the scrolling panel
        panel_2_1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Chat Log"));//Border Settings
        panel_2_2 = new JPanel();
        panel_2_2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Please enter text:"));//Border Settings

        String str = "Is listening****port";//Label
        label1 = new JLabel(str,JLabel.RIGHT);//Align right
        label2 = new JLabel("Please enter the other party IP: ",JLabel.RIGHT);
        label3 = new JLabel("Please enter the port number of the other party:",JLabel.RIGHT);

        textField_ip = new JTextField(5);
        textField_port = new JTextField(5);

        //Binding Events
        button_send = new JButton("Send out");
        button_send.addActionListener(this);
        button_clear = new JButton("empty");
        button_clear.addActionListener(this);
        button_concern = new JButton("Determine");
        button_concern.addActionListener(this);

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        add(panel_1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        add(panel_2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(panel_3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        panel_1.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        panel_1.add(label1);

        panel_2.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        panel_2.add(panel_2_1);
        panel_2.add(panel_2_2);

        panel_2_2.add(textArea_message);

        panel_3.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        panel_3.add(label2);
        panel_3.add(textField_ip);
        panel_3.add(label3);
        panel_3.add(textField_port);
        panel_3.add(button_concern);
        panel_3.add(button_send);
        panel_3.add(button_clear);
		
		......

    }

2.6. Functional implementation

2.6.1,'OK'button

Function: Enter the IP and port number of the other party, establish chat, and start the listening thread to receive information at the same time

//Listen for events
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        Object source = e.getSource();


        if (button_send.equals(source)){//Send out
            ......
        }else if (button_clear.equals(source)){//empty
            ......
        }else if (button_concern.equals(source)){//Determine

            if (textField_ip.getText().equals("") || textField_port.getText().equals("")){
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"Incorrect input IP And port number!");//Popup
            }else {
                label1.setText("Is listening" + textField_port.getText() + "port");
                ip = textField_ip.getText();
                otherPort = Integer.parseInt(textField_port.getText());

                if (otherPort == 10002){
                    localPort = 10001;
                }
                else {
                    localPort = 10002;
                }

                new Receive().start();//Start listening thread
                System.out.println(localPort);
                System.out.println(otherPort);
                button_concern.setEnabled(false);//Settings button can no longer be clicked
            }

        }
    }

2.6.2,'Empty'button

Function: to empty chat records

//Listen for events
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        Object source = e.getSource();


        if (button_send.equals(source)){//Send out
           ......
        }else if (button_clear.equals(source)){//empty
            textArea_history.setText("");
        }else if (button_concern.equals(source)){//Determine
            ......
    }
}

2.6.3,'Send'button

Function: Implement data sending

• Bind Listen Events

//Listen for events
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        Object source = e.getSource();


        if (button_send.equals(source)){//Send out
            if (textArea_message.getText().equals("")){
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"No blank messages can be sent!");
            }else {
                send();
            }

        }else if (button_clear.equals(source)){//empty
            ......
        }else if (button_concern.equals(source)){//Determine
			......
}

• Sending of data
  Transfer data using UDP protocol

	public void init(){
        ......
        //Save space and prevent new objects from being sent each time
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket();
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
	//For sending messages in text boxes
    private void sendMessage(byte[] data){
        System.out.println("Message sent successfully");
        try {
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, InetAddress.getByName(ip), localPort);
            socket.send(packet);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //send message
    private void send(){
        message = textArea_message.getText();
        byte[] data = message.getBytes();
        sendMessage(data);
        String str = "I am right" + ip + ":" + otherPort + "Say:" + message + '\n';
        textArea_history.append(str);//Add to Chat Log Box
        textArea_message.setText("");//Empty Input Information Box
    }

2.6.4,'Receive'Threads

Function: Synchronize sending and receiving information

//Programs need to receive and send synchronously when running, so multithreading should be used, with a new thread for receiving messages
    private class Receive extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println("Listening is running");
            DatagramPacket packet = null;
            try {
                socket = new DatagramSocket(otherPort);
                System.out.println("Monitor" + otherPort);
                byte[] data = new byte[1024*4];
                packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
                while (true){
                    socket.receive(packet);
                    byte[] bytes = packet.getData();
                    String message = new String(bytes,0,bytes.length);
                    String str = ip + ":" + localPort + "Tell me:" + message + '\n';
                    textArea_history.append(str);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }

2.7. Start Program

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * Start Program
 * @author TT
 * @create 2020-06-16-0:53
 */
public class UDPChat extends JFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("chat room GUI edition");
        frame.add(new UDPChatFace());//Notice the order, and the add method comes first
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(800,600);
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

2.8. Notes

• The program sets two port numbers 10001 and 10002, respectively, so if one client uses 10001, the other client should enter 10002, otherwise an error will occur
• The default IP setting for this program is to get the native IP, i.e. "Chat with yourself". If you need to interact between two computers (same local area network), you can simply set the IP address entered in the text box to the sending and receiving addresses.

3. Tips

3.1, Get Local IP Address

• "win + R" opens "run"
• Enter cmd, return and open Command Prompt
• Enter ipconfig, return
• Where the "IPV4" address is the local IP address

3.2. Setup method of IDEA running the same program twice

• Click the Run option on the menu bar
• Select Edit Configurations
• Check Allow parallel run in the upper right corner of the window and click OK.

4. Summary (Understanding of UDP)

Say some blogger's little ideas about UDP for whites new to the UDP protocol:

• UDP protocol, whether sent or received, must have a socket, a packet
• A socket can be interpreted as a "courier company". A package can be interpreted as a "package". Whether we are "courier" or "courier", "goods" (data) are stored in a "package".Therefore, if you want to send data, you must first store the data in the package and then use theSocket.sendThe "package" method sends the "package"; similarly, if you want to receive data, you must first create a byte[] type variable, which can be interpreted as a "vehicle carrying the package".The "car" is big enough to pass the "package"Socket.receiveThe (packet) method takes it in and reads the data.

Once you've finished, you can collect some favorites. Praise o()!
Reprint troubles to inform and mark the source!