7.6 yum Replacement of Domestic Sources
- Restore the default yum source configuration of the system:
[root@adai002 Packages]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls dvd.repo [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# rm -f dvd.repo [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# cp ../yum.repos.d.bak/* . [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
- Custom yum source:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# rm -f CentOS-Base.repo
First delete the default yum source, and then use the wget command to create a new yum source:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
- bash: wget: No command found
At this time, the wget command is not installed, and the yum source file is deleted, so the wget package cannot be installed.
So use the following method: "curl command"
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# curl -O http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 1572 100 1572 0 0 8959 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 8982
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repoDescription: After executing curl command, the original Yum source file CentOS-Base.repo was replaced by CentOS7-Base-163.repo. View the yum source file:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS7-Base-163.repo # # CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates "CentOS7-Base-163.repo" 41L, 1572C
The address of the mirror file was changed to "baseurl"= http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/".
Note: The yum source used in this process needs to be downloaded beforehand.
Finished!
7.7 yum download rpm package
Install extended source epel
Install an extended source file (epel-release):
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release ...... //Installed: epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 //Complete! [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo
After installation, add "epel.repo" and "epel-testing.repo" under yum.repos.d/:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 ......
See:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum list ...... zulucrypt-doc.noarch 5.0.1-1.el7 epel zulucrypt-libs.x86_64 5.0.1-1.el7 epel zvbi.x86_64 0.2.35-1.el7 epel ......
Many rpm packages from epel libraries have been added.
Download rpm package
download
Command: Yum install-y [package name] -- download only
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly //Loaded plug-in: fastest mirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile ...... zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:02 exiting because "Download Only" specified [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# rpm -q zsh //Uninstalled package zsh
That is, the meaning of this command is to download only and not install.
The default location for downloaded packages is:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm
Custom Download Directory
Command: Yum install-y [package name] -- download only -- download dir=/tmp/(custom directory)
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/ zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm
Download an installed package:
[root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y vim-enhanced --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ Loaded plug-in: fastest mirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net Package 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64 is installed and the latest version No treatment is required. [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# yum reinstall -y vim-enhanced --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ Loaded plug-in: fastest mirror ...... [root@adai002 yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/ vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm
Description: When the next package has been installed, the system will not perform any operations, at this time you can use "reinstall" to download the package.
7.8-7.9 Source Pack Installation
Download a source package first!
Note: In the future, all source packages will be placed in the directory "/ usr/local/src /"!!
[root@adai002 src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz //Download Apache! The address comes from "Amin City". //Unzip the file after downloading: [root@adai002 src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz [root@adai002 src]# ls httpd-2.2.32 httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz //View the contents of the file httpd-2.2.32: [root@adai002 src]# cd httpd-2.2.32 [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# ls ABOUT_APACHE CHANGES httpd.dsp libhttpd.dep NOTICE server acinclude.m4 config.layout httpd.mak libhttpd.dsp NWGNUmakefile srclib Apache.dsw configure httpd.spec libhttpd.mak os support build configure.in include LICENSE README test BuildAll.dsp docs INSTALL Makefile.in README.platforms VERSIONING BuildBin.dsp emacs-style InstallBin.dsp Makefile.win README-win32.txt buildconf httpd.dep LAYOUT modules ROADMAP
Install Apache:
① [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 checking for chosen layout... Apache checking for working mkdir -p... yes ...... checking for chosen layout... apr checking for gcc... no checking for cc... no When a command is finished, use "echo $?" to verify that it is correct: [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 1 When this value is 0, the previous command is correct, and if it is 1, it is wrong. The value here is 1, that is, the above command error. Looking at its installation process, we found that "checking for gcc... no" - meaning that the "gcc" compiler does not exist, so we need to install the gcc compiler first: [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# yum install -y gcc ............ Complete! [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 Install again. [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0 Detection, correct. ② [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# make compilation! ...... [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0 ③ [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# make install ...... [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0 After each command is executed, it is checked with "echo $?" to make sure it is correct. Installation completed! View the contents of its installation directory: [root@adai002 httpd-2.2.32]# ls /usr/local/apache2/ bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include lib logs man manual modules
Note: Download the source package to the official website or trusted site - safe!