Server list:

1. Install prometheus

• Download address on Prometheus official website: https://prometheus.io/download/
  

• Download prometheus

  root@test03:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.11.0/prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• Unzip prometheus
  root@test03:~# tar xf prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• Move to / usr/local/prometheus directory
  root@test03:~# mv prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

• Set prometheus background service startup

root@test03:~# cat  /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service 
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file="/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• Create prometheus service

  root@test03:~# systemctl enable prometheus.service
  Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/prometheus.service to /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service.

• Start prometheus service
  root@test03:~# systemctl start prometheus.service

• View promethues service status

  root@test03:~# systemctl status prometheus.service 
  ● prometheus.service - https://prometheus.io
  Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 11:10:45 CST; 4s ago
  Main PID: 818 (prometheus)
  ......

• Visit: http://192.168.1.58:9090
  

2. Install Grafana

• docker installation

  root@test03:~# docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana
  root@test03:~# docker ps
  CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
  a6ff7bd88b42        grafana/grafana     "/run.sh"           43 seconds ago      Up 41 seconds       0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp   peaceful_brattain

• Visit: http://192.168.1.58:3000
  Log in gafana interface:
  The default account is: admin
  The default password is: admin
  Prompt to reset password after first login
  

• add data source
  

• Enter Prometheus address
  

3. Monitoring Linux server

• Install node? Exporter and start

root@test02:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.1/node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
root@test02:~# tar xf node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
root@test02:~# mv node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/node_exporter
root@test02:~# cd /usr/local/node_exporter
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# cat /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl enable node_exporter.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node_exporter.service to /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service.
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl start node_exporter.service 
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl status node_exporter.service 
● node_exporter.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 14:23:35 CST; 5s ago
 Main PID: 774 (node_exporter)
   CGroup: /system.slice/node_exporter.service
           └─774 /usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

• Visit: http://192.168.1.57:9100/metrics, you can view the data collected by node
  

• Configure service discovery

cat /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']
  - job_name: 'host'
    file_sd_configs:
      - files: ['/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml']
        refresh_interval: 5s

• Create the host.yaml file

root@test03:/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config# cat /usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml 
- targets:
  - 192.168.1.57:9100

• Reload profile

  prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'`
  kill -hup $prometheus_id

• View the Targets host and the host group. There are 192.168.1.57 monitored terminals.
  
• grafana imports linux basic monitoring module: 9276

• After entering 9276, wait a few seconds for the template to load automatically
  
• View host resource display
  

4. Install Alertmanager

• Download Alertmanager

root@test03:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.18.0/alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• Unzip alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz and move to / usr/local/alertmanager

  root@test03:~# tar xf alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
  root@test03:~# mv alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/alertmanager

• Configure alertmanager background startup

root@test03:~# cd /usr/local/alertmanager
root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• Configure email alert

root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml 
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.163.com:25'
  smtp_from: 'xxx@163.com'
  smtp_auth_username: 'xxx@163.com'
  smtp_auth_password: 'xxxxxx'
  smtp_require_tls: false
route:
  group_by: ['alertname']
  group_wait: 10s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 1m
  receiver: 'mail'
receivers:
- name: 'mail'
  email_configs:
  - to: 'xxx@qq.com'

• Start alertmanager

root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl enable alertmanager.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/alertmanager.service to /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service.
root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl start alertmanager.service

root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl status alertmanager.service
● alertmanager.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 16:28:20 CST; 2min 15s ago
 Main PID: 19847 (alertmanager)
    Tasks: 9
   Memory: 9.0M
      CPU: 290ms
   CGroup: /system.slice/alertmanager.service
           └─19847 /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

• Configure alarm information

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - 127.0.0.1:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
   - "rules/*.yml"
root@test03:/usr/local/prometheus/rules# cat /usr/local/prometheus/rules/targets.yml 
groups:
- name: targets
  rules:

  # Alert for any instance that is unreachable for >5 minutes.
  - alert: InstanceDown
    expr: up == 0
    for: 1m  
    labels:
      severity: error 
    annotations:
      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down" 
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 1 minutes."

• Reload Prometheus service file, send signal according to Prometheus process number 818

  prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'`
  kill -hup $prometheus_id

• View alarm rules
  
• View alarm status (active) means: active
  
• Test node stop
  root@test02:~# systemctl stop node_exporter.service
• Pending: threshold triggered but alarm duration not met
  
• Firing: the threshold value has been triggered and the alarm duration has been met. Alerts are sent to recipients.
  *
• Alarm email received