md5sum, command line view configuration
I. verifying file integrity with md5sum
Command options
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md5sum -b Read in file contents in binary mode -t Read in file content in text mode -c Based on generated md5 Value to verify the existing file -w A warning message is given when the verification is not correct. --status After verification, no error or correct prompt message will be generated, which can be judged by the return value of the command. |
Use examples
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Generate file md5 value
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md5sum data 0axxxxxxxxx data
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Using wildcards to md5 multiple files
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md5sum * 0axxxxxxx data 14dxxxxxx data2
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md5 value redirection
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# Single file redirection md5sum data > data.md5 # Multiple file redirection md5sum * > d.md5 cat d.md5 0axxxxxxx data 14xxxxxxx data2 # Redirect append md5sum data3 >> d.md5
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md5 check
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# Display verification information md5sum -c d.md5 data: OK data2: OK data3: OK # Do not display the verification information, judge by the return value of the command md5sum -c --status d.md5 echo $? 0 # Multiple file verification and grep are used to filter out the correct information md5sum -c d.md5 | grep -v OK
Special instructions
1) md5sum is to verify the content of the file, regardless of whether the file name is the same.
2) md5sum checks pixel by pixel, so the larger the file, the longer the check time
Reference resources
II. Terminal viewing computer information
Integration tool
- screenfetch
- neofetch
- hwinfo –short
There are others. Reference resources.
command line
CPU
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# View cpu statistics lscpu # View cpu model cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f 2 -d : | uniq -c # Uniq-c counts the number of duplicate rows written on the left, and cut specifies the second column of fields for the separator with 6 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-9600K CPU @ 3.70GHz ## 6-core i5-9600K cpu # View the actual number of CPUs cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | uniq -c 6 physical id : 0 ##A six core cpu # View cpu bits getconf LONG_BIT 32 ## The current cpu is running in 32bit mode, but it does not mean that the cpu does not support 64bit # Query whether the cpu supports 64bit cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags | grep ' lm ' | wc -l 6 ## The result is greater than 0, indicating that 64 bit computing is supported. lm means long mode, and lm means 64 bit. |
Memory
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free -m # View memory usage and swap usage cat /proc/meminfo | grep MemTotal # View total memory cat /proc/meminfo | grep MemFree # View the amount of free memory dmidecode -t memory # View memory hardware information |
disk
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lsblk # Intuitive view of hard disk and partition distribution fdisk -l # Detailed view of hard disk and partition distribution df -h # Check the use of hard disk mount | column -t # View attached partition status swapon -s # View all swap partitions hdparm -i /dev/hda # View disk parameters (IDE devices only) dmesg | grep IDE # View IDE device detection status at startup cat /proc/partitions # Display hard disk partition information |
system
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lsb_release -a # View system version uname -m && cat /etc/*release # View basic system information uname -a # View all information of the current operating system cat /etc/issue # View current operating system release information hostname # View computer name lsmod # List loaded kernel modules env # View environment variables cat /proc/loadavg # View system load dmidecode | grep "Product Name" # View machine model uptime # View runtime load |
Network card
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# View network card hardware information lspci | grep -i 'eth' # View all network interfaces ifconfig -a / ip link show # View details of a network interface ethtool enp2s0 #Manually set the network card to adaptive, speed to 1000, full duplex mode ethtool -s enp2s0 autoneg on speed 1000 duplex full # Explain #Modify the working mode of linux network card: ethtool –r ethX ## Reset ethX network port to adaptive mode ethtool –S ethX ## Query ethX network port receiving and contracting statistics ethtool –s ethX [speed 10|100|1000] ## Set network port rate 10/100/1000M [duplex half|full] ## Set network port half / full duplex [autoneg on|off] ## Set whether the network port is self negotiated |
network
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ifconfig # View properties of all network interfaces iptables -L # View firewall settings route -n # View routing table netstat -lntp # View all listening ports netstat -antp # View all established connections netstat -s # View network statistics dmesg | grep -i eth # View network card information |
user
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w # view active user id <User name> # View specified user information last # View user login log cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd # View all users of the system cut -d: -f1 /etc/group # View all groups in the system crontab -l # View scheduled tasks for the current user |
service
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chkconfig --list # List all system services chkconfig --list | grep on # List all started system services |
program
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dpkg -l # View all installed packages dpkg -S opencv # Search for related packages dpkg -L libopencv-dev # View package installation location dpkg -s libopencv-dev # View package information dpkg --info xx.deb # View packed deb file information dpkg --contents xx.deb # View packed deb content dpkg -i xx.deb # Install deb package dpkg -P xx.deb # Uninstall and delete configuration |
Other
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lspci # View pci information, that is, information of all hardware slots on the motherboard - v details - t device tree lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) #Motherboard chip 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) #Graphics card 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) #usb controller 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) #sound card 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) #pci slot 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 4 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #Hard disk interface 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #Hard disk interface 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) #Network card 03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8893 (rev 41) lsusb # View all usb devices - v details - t device tree dmidecode -t bios # View bios information # dmidecode dump s the machine's DMI(Desktop Management Interface) information in a readable way. This information includes the hardware and BIOS, which can get the current configuration and the maximum configuration supported by the system, such as the maximum number of memory supported. # If you want to see all the useful information dmidecode -q dmidecode -t [bios, system, baseboard, chassis, processor, memory, cache, connector, slot] # View corresponding hardware information |
Reference resources