BASH Shell manages files
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Create, copy, delete, move, view, edit, compress, find
Summary:
Linux directory structure
File Location Path
file management
First: Linux directories usually organize files as a single root. /
Root directory structure of Linux
ls /
ivcapp-1:~ # ls /
backup bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found
media mnt opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var
The commands / bin/ls,/bin/date used by ordinary users
Commands / sbin/service used by sbin superadministrators
Dev device file / dev/sd*,/dev/zero,/dev/null...
home directory for ordinary users
When lost + found fsck is repaired, files or directories without links are stored
etc configuration file
tmp global writable (temporary file, temporary file generated by process)
var stores changed files, mail, logs, etc.
==== Mount directory for storage devices==========
media) The default mount point for mobile devices
Manual mount point
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************************** Document Time**********************************************
ll can see the modification time of the file as much as possible
# stat file. You can view the detailed properties of the file, including the time properties.
Access time: atime view file content
Modification Time: mtime Modify File Content
Change time: ctime changes file attributes
Delete time: Delete time of dtime file
ivcapp-1:~ # stat accessiot.log
File: `accessiot.log'
Size: 133288 Blocks: 272 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: ca02h/51714dInode: 615308 Links: 1
Access: (0640/-rw-r-----) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Access: 2017-07-26 06:25:36.000000000 +0000
Modify: 2017-07-26 06:25:14.000000000 +0000
Change: 2017-07-26 06:25:14.000000000 +0000
Birth: -
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********************* Document Type************************************************
Method 1:
ll File Name: // Look at the first character
_ Ordinary files (text files, binary files, compressed files, pictures, videos...)
d directory file (folder) blue
b Device file (block device) storage device hard disk, U disk/dev/sda, /dev/sda1
c Device file (character device) printer, terminal/dev/tty1
s socket file. MySQL socket file.
srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Sep 22 07:53 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
p Pipeline File
Link file Ln-S *** *** * Soft links must use absolute strength
Method 2: file name
============================================================= Absolute Strength: Where to Start/opt/cwuser/*
Relative path: relative to the current path/*
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*********************** Document Management*********************************** 1. cd Change Directory of Document Management
Absolute path: cd/opt/cwuser/
Relative path: cd. / en_ivc
2. The special command of cd:
Cd. = CD - > Returns to the previous directory.
3,File Management: Create/copy/move/delete
==============================Establish========================================================
//Document touch
# touch file1.txt
# touch file3 file4
# touch /home/file10.txt
# touch /home/file5 file6
# touch /home/{zhuzhu,gougou}
# touch file{1..20}
# touch file{a..c}
# touch liu{a,b,c} //{} set, equivalent touch liua liub liuc
===============================Catalog mkdir=================================================
# mkdir dir1
# mkdir /home/dir2 /home/dir3
# mkdir /home/{dir4,dir5}
# Mkdir-v/home/{dir6, dir7} and //-v display
# Mkdir-pv/hoem/dir8/111/222// Including the creation of their parents, no message output
# mkdir -pv /home/{yang/{dir1,111},tianyun}
=================================copy cp==================================================
Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
# cd
# mkdir /home/dir{1,2}
# cp -v install.log /home/dir1
# cp -v install.log /home/dir1/yang.txt
# cp -rv /etc /home/dir1
# Cp-v install.log/home/dir90//no/home/dir90
# cp -v install.log /home/dir2
# cp -v anaconda-ks.cfg !$
# cp -rv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/passwd /etc/grub.conf /home/dir2
//Copy multiple files to the same directory
# cp -rv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/passwd /etc/grub.conf /etc/hosts .
// Represent the current position
# Cp-r/etc/tmp *// R * Recursively copy all contents of directories and their subdirectories
# Cp-rf/etc/tmp*/-f. Remove and retry the target file if it cannot be opened
# \cp -r /etc /tmp
=====================================move mv==============================================
Usage: mv [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
# mv file1 /home/dir3 * Move file2 to / home/dir3
# mv file2 /home/dir3/file20 * Move File2 to / home/dir3 and rename it file20
# mv file4 file5. Rename file4 to file5, and the movement of the current location is renamed
====================================delete rm===============================================
//Example 1: Delete / home/dir1
# cd /home
# rm -rf dir1
-r recursion
-f force force
-v Detailed process
//Example 2:
[root@tianyun ~]# mkdir /home/dir10
[root@tianyun ~]# touch /home/dir10/{file2,file3,.file4}
[root@tianyun ~]# Rm-rf/home/dir10/*// excluding hidden files
[root@tianyun ~]# ls /home/dir10/ -a
. .. .file4
//Example 3:
[root@tianyun ~]# Rm-rf file* // Delete all files that begin with the file
[root@tianyun ~]# Rm-rf*.pdf * // Delete all files at the end of PDF