What is a branch

The method of starting a separate development line in software project

Why git

1. It can avoid the problem of version compatibility development and the interaction between different versions.
2. Encapsulate a development phase.
3. When solving a bug, create a new branch to study the bug.

Branch related commands in git

git branch branch name - create a new branch
 git branch - list all branches without any parameters. The * sign in front of the branch indicates that the branch is the current branch
 *When creating a branch, the branch name cannot use special symbols
 git branch -d branch name - delete branch
 git branch -m old branch name new branch name - branch name changed
 git checkout Branch Name: switch the branch. If the file is modified on the branch and there is no commit, switch to another branch
 An error will be reported at this time, because files without commit will not be overwritten after branch switching
 git checkout -f branch name --- force branch switching.

git branch display

kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git branch    #View all branches
* master
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git branch v1.0   #Create a new v1.0 branch
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git branch
* master
    v1.0
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git checkout v1.0   #Branch to v1.0
Switched to branch 'v1.0'
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git branch
    master
* v1.0
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ touch test9.txt    #Create test9.txt on the v1.0 branch
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ ls -al
total 32
drwxr-xr-x  13 kang  staff  442 12  2 00:12 .
drwxr-xr-x   5 kang  staff  170 12  1 16:48 ..
drwxr-xr-x  16 kang  staff  544 12  2 00:12 .git
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    3 12  1 16:18 test.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   23 12  1 16:18 test1.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:18 test2.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    6 12  1 16:18 test3.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   17 12  1 16:18 test4.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:21 test5.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:37 test6.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 22:43 test7.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 23:15 test8.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  2 00:12 test9.txt
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git add test9.txt     #Commit to staging area
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git commit -m "test9.txt"     #Submit to local warehouse
[v1.0 6111bf3] test9.txt
 Committer: kang <kang@kangdeMacBook-Air.local>
Your name and email address were configured automatically based
on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.
You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the
following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit
your configuration file:

        git config --global --edit

After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:

        git commit --amend --reset-author

 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test9.txt
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ ls -al
total 32
drwxr-xr-x  13 kang  staff  442 12  2 00:12 .
drwxr-xr-x   5 kang  staff  170 12  1 16:48 ..
drwxr-xr-x  16 kang  staff  544 12  2 00:12 .git
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    3 12  1 16:18 test.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   23 12  1 16:18 test1.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:18 test2.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    6 12  1 16:18 test3.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   17 12  1 16:18 test4.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:21 test5.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:37 test6.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 22:43 test7.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 23:15 test8.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  2 00:12 test9.txt
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git branch
* master
    v1.0
kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git checkout master  #Switch to master branch
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
    (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
    kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ ls -al     #At this time, test9.txt of v1.0 is missing
    total 32
    drwxr-xr-x  12 kang  staff  408 12  2 00:12 .
    drwxr-xr-x   5 kang  staff  170 12  1 16:48 ..
    drwxr-xr-x  16 kang  staff  544 12  2 00:12 .git
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    3 12  1 16:18 test.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   23 12  1 16:18 test1.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:18 test2.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    6 12  1 16:18 test3.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff   17 12  1 16:18 test4.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:21 test5.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 16:37 test6.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 22:43 test7.txt
    -rw-r--r--   1 kang  staff    0 12  1 23:15 test8.txt
    kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ git checkout v1.0    #Switch to v1.0 branch
    Switched to branch 'v1.0'
    kangdeMacBook-Air:cedarhd kang$ ls    #test9.txt exists
    test.txt    test2.txt   test4.txt   test6.txt   test8.txt
    test1.txt   test3.txt   test5.txt   test7.txt   test9.txt