Installing MySQL in virtual machine

MySQL is a relational database. It was originally a Swedish company called MySQL AB, which was later acquired by Oracle

DB: database, which stores organized and standardized data

DBMS: database management system, abbreviated as database software, database product. Database is a container created and operated by DBMS

SQL: structured query language, a language specially used to communicate with databases

Advantages of SQL:

1. It is not a specific database vendor's proprietary language, and almost all DBMS support it

2. Easy to learn

3. In fact, very complex and advanced database operations can be carried out

Database features:

1. Put the data into the data table (two-dimensional table) and put the table into the library

2. There can be multiple tables in a database. Each table has a name to identify itself. The table name must be unique

3. The table has some features that regulate the storage format of data in the table

4. Tables are composed of columns. Each column is called a field. All tables are composed of one or more fields (columns)

5. The data in the table is stored according to rows.

MySQL benefits:

-Low cost: open source code, generally free trial

-High performance: fast execution

-Simple: easy to install and use

DBMS is divided into two categories:

-DBMS (Access) based on shared file system

-DBMS based on client server architecture (MySql, Oracle, SqlServer)

MySQL provides two versions:

-Community Edition (free)

-Enterprise Edition (charge)

When we get a newly installed virtual machine, we first configure it (host name, ip) or omit it.

hostnamectl set-hostname mysql
nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.addresses 192.168.136.128/24
nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.gateway 192.168.136.2
nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114
nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.method manual
nmcli connection modify ens160 connection.autoconnect yes
nmcli connection up ens160

Installation mode I: warehouse installation

The first is to download the MySQL warehouse, which can be downloaded on the official website or from domestic sources

https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm # official website
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el8-x86_64 / # domestic sources

The official website is used here. You can see that the warehouse has been successfully downloaded

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -i https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
[root@mysql ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  995 Oct  4  2019 mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1050 Oct  4  2019 mysql-community-source.repo

Then install. complete indicates that the installation is successful

[root@mysql ~]# yum install mysql-server -y

Then start the service. Here is an empty password. You can log in directly by entering

[root@mysql mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql mysql]# mysql -uroot -p

After entering the database, you can also show databases;

Installation mode 2: offline installation

Because it has been installed in the warehouse before, it is necessary to uninstall and clean up relevant files before offline installation

[root@mysql ~]# find / -name mysql
[root@mysql ~]# yum remove mysql-server -y
[root@mysql ~]# rm -rf /var/log/mysql/

Then go to the official website and select the corresponding version to download MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server

After successful download, transfer it to the host, where it has been uploaded successfully

[root@mysql ~]# ll /
-rw-r--r--.   1 root root 777615360 Aug 13 17:23 mysql-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

Then unzip

[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /mysql
[root@mysql ~]# mv /mysql-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar /mysql
[root@mysql ~]# cd /mysql/
[root@mysql mysql]# tar xvf mysql-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

Local installation is relatively troublesome

[root@mysql mysql]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql mysql]# yum localinstall mysql-community-client-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql mysql]# yum localinstall mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql mysql]# yum localinstall mysql-community-libs-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql mysql]# yum localinstall mysql-community-common-8.0.26-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

Then start the service. Because it is an offline installation, a temporary password will be generated

[root@mysql mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql mysql]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@mysql mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
#Enter the temporary password to successfully log in

However, show databases cannot succeed here; You must change your password first

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

Installation method 3: container installation

Also, remove MySQL and related files first

[root@mysql mysql]# yum remove mysql-server -y
[root@mysql mysql]# find / -name mysql
[root@mysql mysql]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/
[root@mysql mysql]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql/
[root@mysql mysql]# rm -rf /usr/bin/mysql

Then configure the local warehouse

[root@mysql ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# vim base.repo
[appstream]
name=appstream
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[baseos]
name=baseos
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
enable=1
gpgcheck=0

Install dependent packages

[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

Then download the official warehouse

[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1919 Aug 10 22:55 docker-ce.repo

Install docker

[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# yum install -y docker-ce
#If there is a problem with the installation, execute yum remove podman runc and then execute the installation

Start service

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start docker

Search image

[root@mysql ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation...   11263

Pull image

[root@mysql ~]# docker pull mysql

View the pulled image

[root@mysql ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
mysql        latest    c60d96bd2b77   3 weeks ago   514MB

Run mirror

[root@mysql ~]# docker run --name mysqltest -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql

View containers and ports

[root@mysql ~]# docker ps

Attach to the container and successfully log in to the database (password 123456)

[root@mysql ~]# docker exec -it mysqltest /bin/bash
root@08cf4f5e291b:/# mysql -uroot -p

You can also successfully show databases;

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

If you want to stop the container, execute stop, and then view the stopped container

[root@mysql ~]# docker stop mysqltest
[root@mysql ~]# docker ps -a

If you want to delete a container, do the following

[root@mysql ~]# docker container prune

Installation mode 4: source code installation

First go to the official website to download the source package https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.26.tar.gz , upload to the host or download directly on the host, and decompress

[root@mysql ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.26.tar.gz

[root@mysql ~]# tar xf mysql-boost-8.0.26.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

Then install the compilation environment tool

[root@mysql ~]# yum install -y openssl-devel cmake make gcc gcc-c++ ncurses gcc-toolset-10

Add groups and users

[root@mysql ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

Compile configuration

[root@mysql ~]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-8.0.26/
[root@mysql mysql-8.0.26]# mkdir bld
[root@mysql mysql-8.0.26]# cd bld/
[root@mysql bld]# cmake ..

An error will be reported during compilation. You can continue to install the corresponding package according to the error prompt

Tip: if -- Could not find (the correct version of) boost
– MySQL currently requires boost_1_73_0

Do the following:

[root@mysql bld]# cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_73_0/

There is also an rpcgen that we need to download ourselves

Link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/19pJx8FRswJWHJ36YwBFEBA Extraction code: 9i93

[root@mysql /]rpm -i rpcgen-1.3.1-4.el8.x86_64.rpm 

If the configuration fails to compile, clean up the environment

make clean
rm CMakeCache.txt

Compilation execution

[root@mysql bld]# time make

install

[root@mysql bld]# make install

What needs to be done after completion

[root@mysql bld]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@mysql mysql]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-files/
[root@mysql mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files/
[root@mysql mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup 
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server		
Startup required:
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
service mysql start	
Environment variables required:
vim /root/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin