Network engineering and networking technology -- Lecture 1

Posted by andrewmcgibbon on Sat, 22 Jan 2022 15:36:23 +0100

Ushered in a month of primary school
Sophomores had a bit of a mess
But the sun still rises
Keep struggling

IP address planning, static routing and DHCP configuration
Network switching technology
Address exchange and access control technology
Network routing technology
GRE over IPSec (VPN + security)
Comprehensive networking experiment
Course examination + generic cabling experiment

Related concepts

ICANN is responsible for global IP address allocation
Preparation method of IP address
Three commonly used categories of IP addresses
One class A address is equivalent to 256 class B addresses, and one class B address is equivalent to 256 class C addresses

Terminal requiring IP address
Network devices requiring IP addresses:
Router LAN interface
Router WAN interface
Network devices requiring IP address management:
Switch
Wireless access point

The available host numbers for each address block are: 2 n − 2 2^n-2 2n−2

One network = host + switch + router access point (Gateway)
The intermediate route is also a network
The network numbers of the same network are the same, and the network numbers of different networks are different

Sign in

https://202.119.23.198:8021/
User name: student
password: DNseu@123

172.16.20.208
User name: student number
Password: student number @ 2021
Select configuration: Html5

System use

command	function
?	View command, space page
exit	Exit current layer
R1>enable	Enter privileged mode
R1#disable	Exit privileged mode
R1#configure terminal	Enter global configuration command
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup	Turn off domain name resolution
R1(config)#hostname SW1	Change the host name to SW1
R1(config)#enable password CISCO	Configure the password to enter privileged mode
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/1	Enter e0/1 interface
R1(config-if)#no shutdown	Open interface and protocol
R1(config-if)#shutdown	Close the interface
R1(config)#end	Return to user mode
R1#show ip interface brief	Briefly view the interface status
R1#show running-config	View configured information
R1#write	Save configuration

Experimental description

Network topology

Experimental task

Subnet Division
192.168.10.0/24 is proposed as the available space for address planning. There are 3 hosts in the plant area, 18 hosts in the office area and 51 hosts in the server area. Please reasonably divide the 192.168.10.0/24 network segment and assign corresponding addresses to the two areas. It is required to ensure that each area can guarantee that there are 10 spare addresses reserved for subsequent capacity expansion under the condition of saving IP resources as much as possible. Please give the IP address planning scheme.
DHCP configuration
R1 is responsible for providing automatic address acquisition to the office area and plant area, and R2 is responsible for providing static address acquisition to the server area. Please configure the dhcp service according to the address plan. The gateway of the host is the first in the network segment, and the dhcp service excludes the gateway address.
IPV6 address configuration mode
R1 is responsible for providing IPv6 address allocation to the plant. The address segment is 2001:da8:a3:1000::/64. The client obtains the IPv6 address stateless.
R1 is responsible for providing IPv6 address allocation to the office area. The address segment is 2001:da8:a3:1001::/64. The client obtains the IPv6 address through DHCP.
R2 routing is responsible for providing IPv6 address allocation to the server area. The address segment is 2001:da8:a3:1002::/64. The server statically obtains the IPv6 address.
Routing protocol
The whole network uses static routing protocol. Please configure static routing on the corresponding equipment to ensure the interconnection of IPV4/IPV6 networks in office area and server area
TELNET
To facilitate management, the router enables remote login management, and R1 and R2 configure telnet management function.
The user name is Dongda and the password is dongda@2020 , level 15.

Network node configuration

Basic configuration

#R1 configuration 
Router(config)#hostname R1                                 #Set the device name to R1 
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup                             #Turn off domain name resolution 
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing                            #Turn on ipv6 unicast routing 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/0                           #Enter Ethernet 0 / 0 interface configuration 
R1(config-if)#no shutdown                                  #Open interface 
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.252    #Configure IP address and subnet mask 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1003::1/64          #Configure IPv6 address and subnet prefix length 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/1 
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.97 255.255.255.240 
R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1000::1/64 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/2 
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.65 255.255.255.224 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1001::1/64

#R2 configuration 
Router(config)#hostname R2 
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup 
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing 
R2(config)#interface Ethernet0/0 
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.252 
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1003::2/64 
R2(config)#interface Ethernet0/1 
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.192 
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1002::1/64

Subnet Division
The plant area is 192.168.10.96/28, with 14 available addresses.
The office area is 192.168.10.64/27, with 30 available addresses.
Server area 192.168.10.0/26, 62 available addresses.
The interconnection address is 192.168.10.252/30, and there are 2 available addresses.

DHCP configuration

#R1 configuration 
R1(config)#service dhcp                                 #Start DHCP server
R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.97       #Exclude gateway addresses from the address pool 
R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.65       #Exclude gateway addresses from the address pool 
R1(config)#ip dhcp pool dhcp-pool1                      #Create a new dhcp address pool 
R1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.64 255.255.255.224   #Create a new dhcp address pool segment
R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 114.114.114.114              #Set the dns server address issued by dhcp protocol 
R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.65            #Set default gateway address 
R1(dhcp-config)#lease 1                                 #Set the lease length to 1 
R1(config)#ip dhcp pool dhcp-pool2                      #Create a new dhcp address pool 
R1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.96 255.255.255.240   #Set the 192.168.10.96 network segment in the dhcp address pool 
R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 114.114.114.114 
R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.97 
R1(dhcp-config)#lease 1 

#Plant PC
VPCS>ip dhcp 

#Office PC
PC(config)#no ip routing               #Turn off ip forwarding 
PC(config)#interface Ethernet0/0 
PC(config-if)#no shutdown 
PC(config-if)#ip address dhcp          #Set the ip address to be obtained automatically using dhcp

Static address configuration

#SERVER
VPCS>ip 192.168.10.2/26 192.168.10.1

IPV6 address configuration

#R1 configuration 
R1(config)#ipv6 dhcp pool dhcpv6                        #Create a new dhcpv6 address pool named dhcpv6
R1(config-dhcpv6)#address prefix 2001:da8:a3:1001::/64  #Create a new address prefix under the ipv6 address pool
R1(config-dhcpv6)#dns-server 2400:3200::1               #Configure dns server address 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/2 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 nd managed-config-flag               #Set the M position in the icmpv6 message to 1 
R1(config-if)#no ipv6 nd ra suppress                    #Let the interface send icmpv6 router advertisement (RA) messages
R1(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server dhcpv6                   #Use the address pool named dhcpv6 to assign ipv6 addresses to customers connected under the interface 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/1 
R1(config-if)#no ipv6 nd ra suppress                    #Let the interface send icmpv6 router advertisement (RA) messages 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server dhcpv6

#Office PC
PC(config)#interface Ethernet0/0 
PC(config-if)#ipv6 enable                               #Generate an ipv6 link local address on this interface

#Plant PC
VPCS>ip auto                                            #Configuring ipv6 addresses automatically using stateless addresses

#SERVER
VPCS>ip 2001:da8:a3:1002::2/64

Routing protocol

#R1 configuration 
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.254   #Set ip static routing 
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DA8:A3:1002::/64 2001:DA8:A3:1003::2   #Set ipv6 static routing

#R2 configuration 
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.253 
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.96 255.255.255.240 192.168.10.253 
R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DA8:A3:1000::/64 2001:DA8:A3:1003::1 
R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DA8:A3:1001::/64 2001:DA8:A3:1003::1

device management

#R1 configuration 
R1(config)#username dongda privilege 15 secret dongda@123   #Set the local user name and password, encrypt the password, and set the privilege level of the user 
R1(config)#line vty 0 4                                     #Open vty consoles 0 to 4 
R1(config-line)#login local                                 #Set local login authentication method 
R1(config-line)#transport input telnet                      #Setting allows telnet to access this group of consoles 

#R2 configuration 
R2(config)#username dongda privilege 15 secret dongda@123 
R2(config)#line vty 0 4 
R2(config-line)#login local 
R2(config-line)#transport input telnet

To sum up

Router basic configuration

Router(config)#hostname R1                                 #Set the device name to R1 
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup                             #Turn off domain name resolution 
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing                            #Turn on ipv6 unicast routing

Router interface configuration

R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/0                           #Enter Ethernet 0 / 0 interface configuration 
R1(config-if)#no shutdown                                  #Open interface 
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.252    #Configure IP address and subnet mask 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1003::1/64          #Configure IPv6 address and subnet prefix length

DHCP service configuration

Router

R1(config)#service dhcp                                 #Start DHCP server
R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.65       #Exclude gateway addresses from the address pool 
R1(config)#ip dhcp pool dhcp-pool1                      #Create a new dhcp address pool 
R1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.64 255.255.255.224   #Create a new dhcp address pool segment
R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 114.114.114.114              #Set the dns server address issued by dhcp protocol 
R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.65            #Set default gateway address 
R1(dhcp-config)#lease 1                                 #Set the lease length to 1

host

Method 1

PC(config)#no ip routing               #Turn off ip forwarding 
PC(config)#interface Ethernet0/0       #Enter the interface connected to the router
PC(config-if)#no shutdown              #Open interface
PC(config-if)#ip address dhcp          #Set the ip address to be obtained automatically using dhcp

Method 2

VPCS>ip dhcp

Static address configuration

Method 1

PC(config)#interface Ethernet0/0                           #Enter Ethernet 0 / 0 interface configuration 
PC(config-if)#no shutdown                                  #Open interface 
(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.252      #Configure IP address and subnet mask 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DA8:A3:1003::1/64          #Configure IPv6 address and subnet prefix length

Method 2

VPCS>ip 192.168.10.2/26 192.168.10.1   #ip address / subnet prefix length gateway ip address

DHCP configuration for IPV6

Router and its interface

R1(config)#ipv6 dhcp pool dhcpv6                        #Create a new dhcpv6 address pool named dhcpv6
R1(config-dhcpv6)#address prefix 2001:da8:a3:1001::/64  #Create a new address prefix under the ipv6 address pool
R1(config-dhcpv6)#dns-server 2400:3200::1               #Configure dns server address 
R1(config)#interface Ethernet0/1 
R1(config-if)#ipv6 nd managed-config-flag               #Set the M position in the icmpv6 message to 1 
R1(config-if)#no ipv6 nd ra suppress                    #Let the interface send icmpv6 router notification (RA) message
R1(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server dhcpv6                   #Use the address pool named dhcpv6 to assign ipv6 addresses to customers connected under the interface

Obtain IPV6 address through DHCP

PC(config)#interface Ethernet0/0 
PC(config-if)#ipv6 enable                               #Generate an ipv6 link local address on this interface

Configuring ipv6 addresses automatically using stateless addresses

VPCS>ip auto

Static configuration IPV6 address

VPCS>ip 2001:da8:a3:1002::2/64

Routing protocol

Destination network + subnet mask + next hop address

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.254   #Set ip static routing 
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:DA8:A3:1002::/64 2001:DA8:A3:1003::2   #Set ipv6 static route

TELNET device management

To establish an account for the router, you can access any interface of the router from any host connected to the router through telnet

R1(config)#username dongda privilege 15 secret dongda@123   #Set the local user name and password, encrypt the password, and set the privilege level of the user 
R1(config)#line vty 0 4                                     #Open vty consoles 0 to 4 
R1(config-line)#login local                                 #Set local login authentication method 
R1(config-line)#transport input telnet                      #Set to allow telnet access to this group of consoles

Programmer Think

Network engineering and networking technology -- Lecture 1

Related concepts

Sign in

System use

Experimental description

Network topology

Experimental task

Network node configuration

Basic configuration

DHCP configuration

Static address configuration

IPV6 address configuration

Routing protocol

device management

To sum up

Router basic configuration

Router interface configuration

DHCP service configuration

Router

host

Method 1

Method 2

Static address configuration

Method 1

Method 2

DHCP configuration for IPV6

Router and its interface

Obtain IPV6 address through DHCP

Configuring ipv6 addresses automatically using stateless addresses

Static configuration IPV6 address

Routing protocol

TELNET device management

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