Linux Hard disk recognition:

The "fdisk-l" command is generally used to list the currently connected hard disks in the system.

Device and partition information. If the new hard disk has no partition information, only the size information of the hard disk is displayed.

1. Close the server and add a new hard disk

2. Start the server and log in as root

3. View Hard Disk Information

#fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes  
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders  
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  
Disk identifier: 0x0004406e  
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System  
/dev/sda1   *           1          39      307200   83  Linux  
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.  
/dev/sda2              39        2589    20480000   83  Linux  
/dev/sda3            2589        2850     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris  
/dev/sda4            2850        5222    19057664    5  Extended  
/dev/sda5            2850        5222    19056640   83  Linux  
   
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes  
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders  
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  
Disk identifier: 0x14b52796  
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

4. Create new hard disk partition command parameters:

Fdisk can use the m command to see the internal command of fdisk command.

a: The command specifies the boot partition;

d: Command to delete an existing partition;

l: The command displays a list of partition ID numbers.

m: View fdisk command help;

n: Command to create a new partition;

p: The command displays the partition list.

t: Command to modify the type ID number of the partition;

w: The command is to save changes to the partition table to make it work.

5. Enter the disk, partition the disk, pay attention to the red part.

#fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help):n  
Command action  
　　   e    extended                  //Enter e to create an extended partition  
　　   p    primary partition (1-4)      //Enter p to create a logical partition  
p  
Partion number(1-4): 1      //When l is input here, the logical partitioning stage is entered.  
First cylinder (51-125, default 51):   //Note: This is the Start value of the partition. It's better to press Enter directly. If you enter a non-default number, it will cause space waste.  
Using default value 51  
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (51-125, default 125): +200M Note: This defines the partition size.+200M It's 200 in size. M ；Of course, you can also according to p Unit of prompt cylinder Let's calculate the size and then specify it. End Number. Look back and see how it works; or use it.+200M This way to add, so that it can be intuitive. If you want to add a 10 G About the size of the partition, please enter +10000M ；  
  
Command (m for help): w                     //Finally, enter w to save. 

Check:

#fdisk -l

As you can see the / dev/sdb1 partition, I will omit the screenshot.

6. Format partitions:

# mkfs.ext3/dev/sdb1// Note: Format / dev/sdb1 into ext3 type

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)  
File System Label=  
Operating System: Linux  
Block size = 4096 (log=2)  
Block size = 4096 (log=2)  
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks  
640848 inodes, 2562359 blocks  
128117 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user  
The first block = 0  
Maximum filesystem blocks=2625634304  
79 block groups  
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group  
8112 inodes per group  
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632  
   
Writing to inode table: complete  
Creating journal (32768 blocks): completed  
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: completed  
   
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or  
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 

With this formatted, we can mount the partition and then use the file system.

7. Create / data1 directory:

#mkdir /data1

8. Start mounting partitions:

#mount /dev/sdb1 /data1

9. View hard disk size and mount partition:

#df -h

10. Configure boot-up automatic mounting

Because mount mount fails after restarting the server, you need to write partition information to the / etc/fstab file to make it permanent mount:

#vim /etc/fstab

11. Restart the system