Today's theme:
The Tornado framework of Python belongs to a Web framework of Python. It is a Web server and Web application framework written by python.
Step 1: what is Tornado
Tornado is a Python based Web services framework and asynchronous network library.
It was first developed by FriendFeed. By using non blocking network I/O, Tornado can carry thousands of active connections and perfectly realize long connections, WebSockets and other programs that need long connections for every user.
Step 2: what are the advantages of Tornado
What are the advantages of Tornado and why should we use it?
• lightweight Web framework
• asynchronous non blocking IO processing mode
• excellent load resistance
• excellent processing performance, independent of multi process / multithreading, solves C10K problem to a certain extent
• WSGI is a full stack alternative product. It is recommended to use its Web framework and HTTP server at the same time
Step 3: how to install Tornado
pip install tornado [Install the latest stable version] pip install tornado==version [[specify version installation]
Step 4: Tornado core content
4.1 Tornado.Web: tornado's basic web framework
• RequestHandler: encapsulates all information and processing methods for request processing
• get/post/..: Encapsulate the corresponding request mode
• write(): a method of encapsulating response information and writing response information
4.2 Tornado.ioloop: core IO loop module, encapsulating Epoll of Linux and kqueue of BSD, and the core of tornado high-performance processing.
• current() returns the IOLoop instance object of the current thread
• start() starts the IO cycle of the IOLoop object and starts listening
4.3 HttpServer listening port
• tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
• httpserver.listen(port)
4.4 HttpServer realizes multi process operation
• tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
• httpserver.bind(port)
• httpserver.start(0/None/<0/num)
Step 5: program structure and description
Config.py profile:
import os
#parameter
param={
'port':9992,
}
#to configure
setting={
"template_path":os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "templates"), #Define the address of the view page and put it in the html file
"static_path":os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "static"), #Define static templates and put them in {css,js and other files
# "debug":True, #Is it in debug mode
"autoescape":None, #Do not set escape character
"autoreload":True,
"cookie_secret":"QjyutYf0RBW9DRweq4s+TozDU7esgEUTqQy0M6c5II8=", #Security cookie
"xsrf_cookies": False,
"login_url": "/login",
}
Application.py routing profile:
import tornado.web
import Python_Tornoda.config as config
from Python_Tornoda.util import mysqldb
from Python_Tornoda.view.views import MainHandler
from Python_Tornoda.view.views import LoginHandler
from tornado.web import StaticFileHandler
import os
current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
class Appliction(tornado.web.Application):
def __init__(self):
handers=[
(r"/index/(?P<page>\d*)", MainHandler),
(r"/login",LoginHandler),
(r'^/(.*?)$', StaticFileHandler,{"path": os.path.join(current_path, "templates"), "default_filename": "main.html"}),
]
super(Appliction,self).__init__(handers,**config.setting)
Views.py view function file, take "login" as an example:
from Python_Tornoda.util.bussiness import get_data,execute_sql
from Python_Tornoda.util.Pagination import Pagination
from tornado.web import RequestHandler
import time
page_num=5 #Number of items displayed per page
#Home page after login
class MainHandler(RequestHandler):
def get(self,page):
sql1 = "select id,pms_name,content,status,mark,create_time from tornado_info order by create_time desc"
itemList = get_data(sql1)
print(page)
if(int(page)>len(itemList)//page_num):
pages=len(itemList)//page_num+1
elif(int(page)<1):
pages=1
else:
pages=int(page)
print("ad")
page_obj = Pagination(pages, len(itemList), page_num)
current_list = itemList[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
print("00000000000")
print(current_list)
str_pageCtrl = page_obj.pageCtrl('/index/')
self.render('info.html', items=current_list, current_page=page_obj.currentPage, pageCtrl=str_pageCtrl, )
class LoginHandler(RegisterHandler):
def set_default_headers(self):
print('-----set_default_headers:default setting----')
self.set_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
def initialize(self):
print("-----_initialize Initialization operation-----")
print("-----_Initialize database connection-----")
print("-----_Initialize open file-----")
def prepare(self):
print("-----prepare Do some preparatory work-----")
print("-----Load configuration item-----")
def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
print("----get Request processing---")
print("----Here you need to click Yes according to the page get Request to process---")
username=self.get_query_argument("username")
password=self.get_query_argument("password")
self.set_secure_cookie(username,password)
if(username=="1" and password=="1"):
self.redirect("/index/1")
else:
self.render('main.html')
def post(self,*args,**kwargs):
print("----post Request processing---")
print("----Here you need to click Yes according to the page post Request to process---")
username = self.get_body_argument("username")
password = self.get_body_argument("password")
self.set_secure_cookie(username, password)
if (username == "1" and password == "1"):
self.redirect("/index/1")
else:
self.render('main.html')
def write_error(self, status_code: int, **kwargs):
if(status_code==500):
self.write("the server is wrong")
elif(status_code==404):
self.write("it's not found")
else:
self.write("the other of error")
def on_finish(self):
print("----Processing ends and resources are released----")
print("----release db connect----")
print("----close a file handle----")
Server.py program entry file:
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import Python_Tornoda.application as app
import Python_Tornoda.config as config
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("starting tornado...")
app = app.Appliction()
httpServer = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
httpServer.bind(config.param['port'])
httpServer.start(1)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()
Step 6: front end code
Login.html: login page code
You can see in the red box how to submit / login
Index.html: home page code after login
Step7: page effect
7.1 the login page is displayed as follows:
7.2 after login, the main page is displayed as follows:
Note: Although the page is a little simple, the sparrow is small and has all kinds of internal organs. Ha ha~
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