https://my.oschina.net/xinsui1314x/blog/1933045

Environmental Science

Operating System: CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

Oracle Version: 12cR1

Oracle's yum: http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo

Configuration of oracle installation environment

1. Configure yum source

wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo
yum clean all
yum repolist

2. Configure oracle pre-installation software

yum -y --nogpgcheck install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64

3. Configure oracle user password

passwd oracle
 Enter a new password
 Enter the new password again

· View the operation of oracle pre-installed software

cat -n /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/results/orakernel.log

//Configure users and groups
  //Create group oinstall, gid54321
     1	Adding group oinstall with gid 54321
  //KEYPASS group dba
     2	Adding group dba
  //Create user oracle, UID 54321, main group oinstall, additional group dba, home/oracle
     3	Adding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and  home directory /home/oracle
  //Change / home/oracle's ownership, ownership, and subgroup oinstall
     4	Changing ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstall
  ps: You need to set it up by yourself oracle User's password
     5	Please set password for oracle user
     6	uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)
     7	Creating oracle user passed 
     8	

//Configure the kernel parameter / etc/sysctl.conf
     9	Saving a copy of the initial sysctl.conf
    10	Verifying  kernel parameters as per Oracle recommendations...
  //Set the maximum number of open files
    11	Adding fs.file-max = 6815744 
  //Setting parameters related to semaphores
    12	Adding kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
  //Set the size of the shared memory segment for the entire system
    13	Adding kernel.shmmni = 4096 
  //Set the total amount of shared memory, 8G memory settings: 2097152*4k/1024/1024
    14	Adding kernel.shmall = 1073741824 
  //Set the segment size of maximum shared memory
    15	Adding kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 
    16	Adding kernel.panic_on_oops = 1 
    17	Adding net.core.rmem_default = 262144 
    18	Adding net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 
    19	Adding net.core.wmem_default = 262144 
    20	Adding net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 
    21	Adding net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2 
    22	Adding net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 
    23	Adding fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 
  //Set the available IPv4 port range
    24	Adding net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 
    25	Setting kernel parameters as per oracle recommendations...
    26	Altered file /etc/sysctl.conf
  //Backup/etc/sysctl.conf
    27	Saved a copy of the current file in /etc/sysctl.d/99-oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-sysctl.conf
    28	Check /etc/sysctl.d for backups
    29	Verifying & setting of kernel parameters passed 
    30	

//Configuring process sessions
    31	Setting user limits using /etc/security/limits.d/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.conf
    32	
    33	Verifying oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations...
    34	Adding oracle soft nofile  1024
    35	Adding oracle hard nofile  65536
    36	Adding oracle soft nproc  16384
    37	Adding oracle hard nproc  16384
    38	Adding oracle soft stack  10240
    39	Adding oracle hard stack  32768
    40	Adding oracle hard memlock  134217728
    41	Adding oracle soft memlock  134217728
    42	Setting oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations...
    43	Altered file /etc/security/limits.d/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.conf
    44	Original file backed up at /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/backup/Aug-22-2018-17-11-05
    45	Verifying & setting of user limits passed 
    46	
    47	Saving a copy of /etc/default/grub file in /etc/default/grub-initial.orabackup
    48	Saving a copy of /etc/default/grub in /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/backup/Aug-22-2018-17-11-05...
    49	Verifying kernel boot parameters as per Oracle recommendations...
    50	old boot params: "rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"
    51	new boot params: "rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet numa=off"
    52	
    53	old boot params: "rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet numa=off"
    54	new boot params: "rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet numa=off transparent_hugepage=never"
    55	
    56	Setting kernel boot parameters as per Oracle recommendations...
    57	G_DIR=/boot/grub2
    58	Default kernel is ->  3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
    59	Default saved_entry is -> CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
    60	Default saved_entry_line is -> 	linux16 /vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 
    61	Saving a copy of grubenv... in /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/backup/Aug-22-2018-17-11-05
    62	Generating grub configuration file ...
    63	File descriptor 199 (/run/lock/subsys/oracle-preinstall.lock) leaked on vgs invocation. Parent PID 5538: /usr/sbin/grub2-probe
    64	File descriptor 199 (/run/lock/subsys/oracle-preinstall.lock) leaked on vgs invocation. Parent PID 5538: /usr/sbin/grub2-probe
    65	Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
    66	Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64.img
    67	Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-aeb91e3fbec443d58729a8669460f619
    68	Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-aeb91e3fbec443d58729a8669460f619.img
    69	File descriptor 199 (/run/lock/subsys/oracle-preinstall.lock) leaked on vgs invocation. Parent PID 5754: /usr/sbin/grub2-probe
    70	File descriptor 199 (/run/lock/subsys/oracle-preinstall.lock) leaked on vgs invocation. Parent PID 5754: /usr/sbin/grub2-probe
    71	done
    72	The saved kernel 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 is now at position - 0
    73	Boot parameters will be effected on next reboot
    74	Altered file /etc/default/grub
    75	Copy of the changed file is in - /etc/default/grub-oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.orabackup
    76	Copy of the original file is in - /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/backup/Aug-22-2018-17-11-05
    77	Verifying & setting of boot parameters passed 
    78	
    79	Trying to add NOZEROCONF parameter...
    80	Taking a backup of existing file to /etc/sysconfig/network.orabackup
    81	Successfully added parameter NOZEROCONF to /etc/sysconfig/network
    82	Setting /etc/sysconfig/network parameters passed 
    83	
    84	Disabling Transparent Hugepages. 
    85	Refer Oracle Note:1557478.1
    86	
    87	Disabling defrag. 
    88	Refer Oracle Note:1557478.1
    89	
    90	Taking a backup of old config files under /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall/backup/Aug-22-2018-17-11-05

Installation of oracle

1. Download the oracle package

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

2. Create a working directory and extract it

mkdir -p /home/OracDB12c
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_se2_1of2.zip -d /home/OracDB12c/
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_se2_2of2.zip -d /home/OracDB12c/

3. Solving Chinese scrambling

mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType
mv /usr/share/fonts/wqy-zenhei.ttc /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/wqy-zenhei.ttf

4. Install oracle and use oracle login system

ssh -X oracle@data base oracle where ip
cd /home/OracDB12c/database
./runInstaller -jreLoc /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0

4.1 Configuration Security Updates

Skip it.

4.2 Installation Options

- Install only database software

Option Description:

- Create and configure databases: Users for newly installed databases.

- Install database software only: suitable for existing oracle database data for data migration.

- Upgrade existing databases: Suitable for users who upgrade old databases to new ones.

4.3 System Class

- Desktop Class: Minimizing Configuration

- Server class:

4.4 Network Installation Options

- Single Instance Database Installation

4.5 Installation Type

- Typical Installation: Easy, with few settings at the back

- Advanced Installation:

4.6 Product Language

- By default

4.5 Database Version

- Standard Edition

4.6 Installation Location

- By default, the configuration of oracle pre-installation will be read

4.7 Create Product List

- By default

4.8 Operating System Group

- The oper group was not created, and the second item was done with dba.

4.9 Prerequisite Examination

- Install missing software and modify configuration files as prompted

- Virtual memory problem, little impact, you can continue to install

4.10 Summary

- To see if there are any problems, double-click "Edit" behind.

4.11 Installation

4.12 Execute configuration scripts

Open another terminal
 ssh root@ip address
. /home/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
. /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

4.13 Installation Completed

5. Configure environment variables, oracle login

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ vim .bash_profile 

//Add in
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ source .bash_profile 

3. Configuration monitoring

- By default

Solve netca and dbca Random code
[oracle@oracledb fonts]$ mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/fallback/
[oracle@oracledb fonts]$ cp /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/zysong.ttf $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/fallback/
  # mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/fallback
  # cp /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/wqy-zenhei.ttf /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/jdk/jre/lib/fonts/fallback/

//Configuration listener
[oracle@oracledb fonts]$ netca

Oracle Net Services To configure:
//The listener is being configured: LISTENER
//The listener configuration is complete.
Oracle Net Listener Start:
    //Monitor program control is running: 
      /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    //The monitoring procedure control is completed.
    //The listening program has been successfully started.
//Oracle Net Services configuration was successfully completed. The exit code is 0

//View the listening status
[oracle@oracledb fonts]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 22-AUG-2018 21:25:00

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                22-AUG-2018 21:23:44
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 16 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

IV. Creating Database Instances

[oracle@oracledb fonts]$ dbca

V. Verification

· Connecting databases with oracle's own interactive tools

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Aug 22 20:57:30 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> 

VI. Database Control

· Execute as an oracle user

1.lsnrctl start
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start

2.View monitor
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl status

3.lsnrctl stop
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl stop

· login sqlplus with sysdba

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

Start the database
SQL> startup

close database
SQL> shutdown immediate

Exit sqlplus
SQL> exit